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Palazzo Malaspina is located in San Donato
in Poggio. The town, founded in Roman times, was the principal
fortification of the area, serving to defend the Roman road
that led from Florence to Siena. The “castrum”
(militaary fortress), which in the year 1033 belonged to
the family of Count Guidi, became autonomous during the
era of the communes. Lying between the cities of Florence
and Siena, who were eternally vying for supremacy over the
territory, San Donato was frequently the scene of important
events, such as the gathering of the Florentine army in
1260, prior to the Battle of Montaperti against the Republic
of Siena. The town was destroyed in 1289 by the Ghibellines
of Arezzo and subsequently rebuilt with a typical protective
wall encircling it.
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Portions of the outer wall surrounding
the original town are still standing. Of particular interest
are the Florentine Gate and the Sienese Gate, each with
a scarp tower, as well as numerous turrets, including a
bell tower and the so-called “little tower”
which overlooks the valley. Within the oldest section of
the inner town one can still admire the urban structure
of the medieval burg, with narrow streets winding up and
down among the thirteenth-century dwellings. Also in this
central core of the town are the main town square (Piazza
Malaspina), the public cistern, Palazzo Pretorio and the
Romanesque church of Santa Maria della Neve.
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Around the year 1000, outside the walls
of San Donato, a parish church in the Tuscan Romanesque
style was built, featuring three naves and three semicircular
apses. The interior of the church is graced by a baptismal
font in glazed terracotta, the work of Giovanni della Robbia
(1513) and a crucifix attributed to Taddeo Gaddi.
Palazzo Malaspina is located in the central town square.
Built in the late Renaissance, the building stands in the
very spot where the homes and shops of the original fortification
once stood. The Palazzo is a living monument to another
era, housing inside its walls relics and long-forgotten
secrets of the past. Once owned by the noble Ticci and Malaspina
families, since the nineteenth century it has belonged to
the Pellizzari family.
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